The 9th on Instagram: "Of the traditional eight “major” Crusades to the Holy Land, most were called by the Pope, with the exception of the Third Crusade, which was launched by secular rulers, and others whose Papal sanction is debated, such as the Fourth and Sixth Crusades. There is no official consensus on the numbering of the Crusades, but a significant number of the religiously motivated military campaigns had Papal approval. The “Official” Crusades While the term “Crusades” is sometimes appl