Mass extinction events throughout Earth’s history are characterized as significant disruptions to life on the planet. There have been five major extinction events that have fundamentally changed how ...

In 2022, the eruption of the underwater Hunga volcano near Tonga sent a plume of ash soaring 37 miles into the sky, setting a new record as the largest volcanic plume ever captured by satellites. This ...

The eruption of the underwater Hunga volcano emitted the highest plume of ash ever recorded—an event that was visible from Earth-observing satellites. Credit: NOAA The eruption of the underwater Hunga ...

Nishinoshima Island, located in the Ogasawara Islands of Japan, is home to an active volcano. Ash from volcanic eruptions there in 2020 could have led to a temporary surge in phytoplankton levels in ...

Which ocean has the maximum number of islands in the world? Explore why the Pacific Ocean holds this record, along with its ...

Researchers discovered that continents don’t just split at the surface—they also peel from below, feeding volcanic activity in the oceans. Simulations reveal that slow mantle waves strip continental ...